6. Economic theory is the part of the study of economics that examines and explains how the economic system is affected by man's behaviour, by nature, markets and governments.
7. Consumers want to buy a good as long as the ratio between its marginal utility and price is the same as for other goods.
8. The increase in the number of people in the world is followed at present by an increase in per capita consumption.
20. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:
1. Каждый потребитель должен решить проблему выбора.
2. При равновесной цене предложение равно спросу.
3. Цены ниже равновесной приводят к дефициту.
4. На свободном рынке изменения цены зависят от (колеблются в зависимости от) изменения спроса и предложения.
5. Фирма может контролировать одну или более производственных единиц, таких как завод.
6. Концепция предельной полезности очень важна для решения некоторых проблем спроса.
21. а) Раскройте скобки и употребите глаголы в соответствующей форме.
Each market (to describe) by two main characteristics: the good itself and the geographic area. Each market (to include) only the goods which (to satisfy) the same consumers' needs. For example, two brands of English muffins (сдобные булочки) (to be) in the same market, but televisions and cars (to be) in different markets. Nintendo and Sony electronic games (not to be) identical goods, but they both (to include) in the market for games.
The second characteristic of a market, geographic area, (to be) also of importance for describing markets. As bread (to bake and to sell) usually in a particular place, the Chicago bread market and the Detroit bread market (to be) different markets. As microwave ovens (to transport) nationwide, the market for a particular brand (to be) the entire country or several countries.
б) Напишите пять вопросов к тексту.
Аудиторная работа № 3
22 Сравните приведенные ниже статистические данные, используя известные вам сравнительные конструкции по образцам. Составьте не менее десяти предложений на каждый образец.
ОБРАЗЕЦ 1: The income per head was lower in Egypt than in the USA in 1994.
ОБРАЗЕЦ 2: The number of men working in the United Kingdom (UK) was not as high as in Germany in 1995.
Income Per Head in 1994 (US dollars)
Egypt 720
UK 18,340
Japan 34,630