The independent elements stand as the words and word groups which do not depend on any part of the sentence from the grammatical point of view.
1. State the parts of the following sentences:
1. Once upon a time this creature lived in the mountains.
2. That day she was walking along the street.
3. Surprisingly, he came to an office in the middle of the night.
4. At dawn we saw a large oak-tree.
5. A buzzing-noise came from that apartment.
6. That gentleman sat down at the foot of the mountain, and began to analyse.
7. She started at a sudden noise.
8. He climbed and she sat.
9. Climbing, they sang a song to a lady-bird.
10. They wanted to climb but there was no real opportunity to do it.
2. State the parts of the following sentences:
1. The trouble with this friend is that he was good at a certain degree.
2. A group of outstanding scholars made a great contribution to this field of knowledge.
3. They meant to be men of glory.
4. They had a habit of drinking that tea with lemon and sugar.
5. This room was successfully transformed into a great apartment.
6. It suddenly became the national tradition of this country.
7. There are different cases when you can get rid of it.
8. If you want to come on Friday, you should forget about your concert.
9. It is given to you by a nice fellow.
10. Then you can do whatever you want.
3. State the parts of the following sentences:
1. Do not follow my advice!
2. I wake up at six o’clock in the morning.
3. I have several pieces of cake for lunch.
4. I drank tea during the whole evening.
5. I have two hours for reading even at night.
6. That day she wished three cups of tea and two pieces of ham.
7. It was one of the exceptional hot days.
8. My wife made some cold coffee and put it into refrigerator.
Word order in English is of great importance. English words have hardly any inflexions and their relations to each other are shown by their place in the sentence and not by their form.
The word order in English is fixed and it is called the direct word order if it is the following:
SUBJECT – PREDICATE – OBJECT – ADVERBIAL MODIFIER.
# She loves her father greatly.
The indirect word order is:
PREDICATE – SUBJECT —OBJECT – ADVERBIAL MODIFIER.
# Have you nuts at home?
!Passive Voice. It is used to emphasize the verb and the object of a sentence rather than subject: