as a Reference to the “Black Square”
The idea to create an opera appeared at the “First All-Russian Congress of Futurists” in mid-July 1913 at Mikhail Matyushin’s dacha in Usikirko. It came after the decision to organize the “Budetlyanin” Theater in order to change traditional understanding of theater. The production of “Victory over the Sun” was a synthesis of the alogism of words, music and images. The title of the opera was based on the allegory of the eclipse. The authors saw in it the triumph of the new world, the power of reason over the elements which was different from the ideas of our ancestors who considered eclipse a bad messenger. The idea about the “victory” of technology and science over nature, which was a kind of hope to establish correct world order, was expressed. Two performances of “The World’s First Theater of Futurists” took place on December 3 and 5, 1913 in St. Petersburg’s Luna Park on Dekabristov St. (formerly Officerskaya St.). The author of the sketches was Kazimir Malevich. The text was written by Alexei Kruchenykh and Velimir Khlebnikov. The music was composed by Mikhail Matyushin.
“Victory over the Sun” told the story of the Budlyan strongmen who mercilessly destroyed all the generally accepted norms of common sense. They set out to conquer the sun. The fight against it ended with a complete victory of the Budelian strongmen who aimed primarily to cause a universal scandal and to realize the ideas of nihilism. To sum it up, they wanted victory over the old customary understanding of the sun as something elegant. At the end of the twentieth century this piece of art was called one of the first rock operas.
The opera used an abstruse language, the music was out of the ordinary, the stage design and costumes were caricatured, geometric abstract forms predominated. A black square appears there for the first time, but as a decoration (1st act, 5th scene). According to Malevich’s idea the square covered the sun instead of the solar circle, and the white edging symbolized sun’s penetrating rays. The opera took place inside a large cube.
In March 1915 the first futuristic exhibition of paintings “Tram B” was held in Petrograd. Artists wore red wooden spoons on the lapels of their jackets as badges. The spoon first appeared on February 19, 1914. It was used as the emblem of Februaryism of artists who sought to violate all norms of the “reasonable” dress code in clothes.