7. The principle of liability for damage to environmental systems of other states or international spaces.
The subject of international environmental law.
The formation of the branch of international law – the international environmental law was generated on the basis of the principle “Use your own so as not to harm another”. Issues of protection and use of the ambient environment are regulated by national legislation as long as they do not go beyond the territorial boundaries of the state. International environmental law has an independent subject of legal regulation – international environmental relations, which can be divided into three groups:
– Relationships to prevent and limit harmful effects on the state of the ambient environment, which can only be resolved by the efforts of the entire international community (pollution of the World Ocean, air basin, environmental pollution during military conflicts and so on).
– Ensuring the rational use of international natural resources.
– Protection of unique natural objects by their conservation from human economic impact (environmental immunities).
Subjects of international environmental law.
The subjects of international environmental law include: states, international organizations, international non-governmental organizations.
States are the main subject of law. Several classifications of states-subjects of international environmental law have been specified in the scientific literature:
1) States, that are the most environmentally vulnerable and states, that are most environmentally friendly;
2) Developed and developing states, which are characterized not only by a different degree of independence in solving environmental problems, but also by different substantive interests in this area;
3) States, that are affected by the same natural factors due to their geographical location and states that, due to their geographical location, are affected by various natural factors, which influences on the content of the adopted international legal documents.
Despite the difference in the status of states, the implementation of specific legal and regulatory regulation is based on common principles. One of the trends in international environmental law has been the growing importance of international and international non-governmental organizations as subjects of international environmental law.