Neanderthals lived in small collectives and probably used a language for communication. To what level could their society rise? Neanderthals disappeared approximately 30000 years ago. How did it happen? Several hypotheses exist. Their population could gradually decline by itself. They could be pushed aside or even actively terminated by modern humans. This work promotes another version. Neanderthals mixed with Homo Sapiens, formed the ruling class over them, and gradually dissolved in the new generations.
The Near East plays some special role in religion and human history. These places are considered sacred because something important happened there in the past. Levant aka the Mediterranean Corridor is the point of most probable contacts between Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens. Archeology reveals that this area changed hands. The time table correlates with periods of glaciation in East Europe. The 2 last occasions were 170 – 125 and 110 – 70 Ka. Neanderthals lived in the Near East before 100 Ka. Circa 130 and till 80 Ka they were replaced by Homo Sapiens. Neanderthals returned to live from 80 – 55 Ka. From 70 Ka, the second expansion of modern humans started. Obviously, as glaciers retreated, both species moved to the North in search for new territories. The reverse motion was more complicated. In both cases, mixing of populations was possible.
Our civilization took just 10 millennia to grow from primitive agriculture to space flights and nuclear physics. Divide 300000 years of Neanderthal existence by this number and you will see that they had 30 chances to do so. Hard to believe that they didn't use any single one. Meanwhile records hint that they did.
Official history begins with the introduction of writing some 5000 years ago. Before that, humans retained the past in the oral tradition. It is ancient legends that keep vague signs of previous civilizations. Religion uses several meanings for the term god. The Single God is the supreme entity which rules the whole world. Paganic gods rule their local worlds. There is yet another meaning. Non-civilized peoples used this word for a developed civilization existing alongside them. The Old Testament mentions Sons of God which took wives from humans. A clear reference to another civilization which existed in the time of Adam and Eve.