The use of cloud solutions provides:
– rational distribution and use of transport resources;
– minimization of the required fleet;
– reduction of mileage by optimizing routes;
– reduction of associated costs.
The applicability of the Internet of Things in the transport industry is considered as follows:
– as an integral part of the vehicle management system: online monitoring of on-board vehicle systems by a service center to prevent maintenance, remote diagnostics, etc.;
– allows you to manage traffic and control: devices collect traffic information and send it directly to the devices of drivers who plan their route based on this information;
– provides new transport scenarios (multimodal transport): the user of a special system will be offered a solution for transportation from point A to B based on all available and suitable vehicles;
– provide autonomous driving and interaction with infrastructure: the interaction between the vehicle and the environment is carried out by considering road navigation systems that combine the localization of the road and the assessment of the shape of the road. [46]
The intelligent movement system is based not on the use of local information space, but on the use of cloud distributed space (cloud) or distributed cyberspace with real mobile units.
The use of cloud technologies allows you to centrally collect a large amount of data in real time:
– on the state of traffic congestion of the road network;
– on the parameters of vehicles (the state of the most critical components and aggregates, speed, congestion, etc.);
– about traffic safety on the route and emergency situations;
– about the environmental situation and the conditions of movement of vehicles depending on the state of the weather and the forecast of its changes;
– about the availability, fuel consumption and location of the nearest filling stations. [66]
For the successful functioning of dispatching and logistics services, the use of the Internet of Things makes it possible to obtain in information systems operational information about the state of transportation with geolocation of vehicles displayed on the map, taking into account restrictions on the movement of certain types of vehicles on highways. [66]
For drivers, the most obvious application of IoT technology is the use of navigators indicating congestion, for passengers – the use of an interactive screen with a public transport schedule. The main advantage is updating these devices online.