All people are relatives! - страница 3

Finds of the remains of various humanoid creatures, such as Pithecanthropus, Cro-Magnons and Neanderthals, which modern science considers the ancestors of man, are not uncommon. Such finds are periodically made by archaeologists in very ancient layers – over 30, 50 and even 100 thousand years.

Modern science believes that the creation of man is associated with genetic mutations, ancient viruses. Various viruses embedded in the genome of ancient hominids (humanoid creatures) led to the formation of diverse humanoid creatures. Of these, eventually, in the course of an endless struggle for existence, the modern species – homo sapiens – won. At the same time, there were other types of hominid humanoid creatures, studies of recently discovered burial grounds in Kenya (east Africa) indicate that homo habilis (skilled man) and homo erectus (homo erectus) lived side by side. They could mate and, apparently, from this promiscuity (unlimited sexual relations), the modern species, homo sapiens, originated. And all the diversity of humanoid beings, modern races, is the result of an endless struggle for existence, when humanoid beings had sexual contacts with close species and not only, for example, various forms of sexual relations are known – bestiality, necrophilia, homosexuality, etc.

French scientists from the University of Rouen discovered a new strain of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 2009. According to them, it is transmitted to humans from gorillas. This is the first recorded case of HIV infection from primates, with the exception of chimpanzees – three known types of immunodeficiency virus have passed to humans from these primates. The virus was detected in a French-born woman living in Cameroon. She did not eat monkey meat, so scientists believe that the infection occurred sexually from another person.

Scientists from the Russian Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences claim that ancient viruses made a human from an ancient hominid. "Genes, as can already be argued, are similar in humans and monkeys, they secrete ordinary proteins, but viruses change their ratio, distribution and the time spent on it," explained Vyacheslav Tarantula, deputy director of the Institute. Almost simultaneously with the Russians, the Americans voiced their theory of the transformation of monkeys into Homo sapiens. According to biologists and plastic surgery specialists from the University of Pennsylvania, they managed to discover a single genetic mutation, thanks to which the earliest human ancestors began to differ from their ape-like predecessors. In fact, we are talking about the moment of a person's birth on planet Earth. This mutation, scientists say, occurred about 2.4 million years ago in a gene that controls the development of jaw muscles and in modern humans is called MYH16. As a result of this seemingly small change in the genome, the jaw muscles of our ancestors began to weaken, which forced the unfortunate to change their habits, menus, and look for the first tools. They had to adapt to the new features of the body, learn how to cook food, somehow process it. It was the change in the jaw muscles, which, having become less powerful, exerted less pressure on the skull, provided a different structure, allowing a much larger brain to develop, this powerful "computer" is serviced by well-developed sensory organs. As a result, the ape-like creature took a stick in its paws, and decided not to let it out of them anymore. This may explain the fact that the pathways leading from the brain to the spinal cord in humans intersect, so that the right hemisphere controls the left half of the body, and the left – the right. But the rest of the monkeys were deprived of such a mutation and still have powerful jaws and a weak brain relative to humans. In human cubs, the sutures connecting the bones of the skull can move apart as they grow and there are fontanelles – areas of the brain that are not covered by bone. With age, the fontanelles overgrow, and when the brain reaches a normal size, the size of the skull no longer increases. However, brain growth continues and many modern children's fontanelles do not overgrow for a long time. The biblical story about the curse of Eve "in sickness you will give birth to children" goes back to the ancient "divine" explanation of why women give birth with pain. Monkeys and humans remained omnivores, not specializing in any kind of food, so their dental system is close to the original type, which was formed even in the ancient beast-toothed lizards – reptiles. Humans have color binocular vision, like monkeys. Great apes lived in a fairly constant climate and did not have a clearly defined breeding season, so women developed a menstrual cycle lasting 28 days, that is, conception is possible 13 times a year, the cycle is under the control of the endocrine system.