Installation, starting and adjustment of ventilation and air conditioning systems A Guide - страница 16

Noise reduction along the path of its propagation is achieved by limiting the speed of air movement in the ducts or lining the inner surfaces of the ducts with a sound-proofing material.

In order to reduce the transmission of fan vibration to the ducts, the latter must be connected to the fan nozzles using soft inserts made of rubber, rubberized tarpaulin.

Vibration noise reduction is achieved by installing ventilation units on vibration isolators. Standard designs of spring and rubber vibration isolators are used (Fig. 13).

Fig. 13. Vibration Isolator

With the number of revolutions of the impeller up to 1800 rpm, it is recommended to use spring vibration isolators, characterized by stability of elastic properties, allowing large deflection and weakening vibrations even at very low frequencies. With large numbers of revolutions, the use of rubber vibration isolators is allowed.

In order to reduce the transmission of vibration to the structure of the building, fans should be mounted on their own concrete foundations on the ground. In the case of installation of ventilation units on the load-bearing structures of buildings, the plates or beams on which they are located must be mounted on vibration-absorbing supports.

The reduction of the noise level transmitted from the ventilation chamber to adjacent rooms is achieved by the installation of fences around it from structures with increased sound absorption, as well as the use of sound-absorbing linings in chambers and rooms. In ventilation chambers, it is possible to arrange "floating" floors consisting of layers of fiberglass plates, soundproof strips, etc.

. For active muffling of aerodynamic noise, mufflers are widely used in ventilation systems, the principle of operation of which is based on the conversion of sound energy into thermal energy by friction.

By their design, silencers are divided into tubular, honeycomb, plate and chamber silencers (Fig. 14).

Fig. 14. Muffler designs

a – lamellar with extreme plates; b – lamellar without extreme plates; c – tubular rectangular section; d – tubular circular section; e – chamber;

1 – muffler casing; 2 – sound – absorbing plate; 3 – air channels; 4 – sound-absorbing lining; 5 – internal partition;

A – the distance between the plates; B – the thickness of the plates; H, Hx – the dimensions of the duct; C -the thickness of the lining of the duct; D – the diameter of the duct