The study of the motives of issuers using the equity crowdfunding mechanism, the reasons why investors choose the shares of companies on crowdfunding platforms, factors of success of companies at crowdfunding platforms is important, both from an academic and practical perspective. Risks for investors and ways to reduce them are also relevant to study. These issues are in the focus of attention of both regulators and market participants in different countries. The subject of many studies is the specifics of the regulation of crowdfunding, the approaches of regulators to the establishment of rules and regulations regarding this financial instrument.
The motives of investors buying shares of companies on crowdfunding platforms include the intention to support entrepreneurship and innovation, social and innovative projects that the issuing companies plan to implement, participation in governance of issuing companies, getting control with the opportunity to propose their representatives to the boards of directors. However, the main motivating factors are the growth of the future value and return on investment of the companies, through the development and promotion of high-tech products. Investors may view these investments as long-term investments aimed at increasing the value of the firm.
It is worth-noting that at the moment there are practically no studies that would study the approach to choosing an investee in the process of crowdinvesting, based on the fundamental value of issuing companies. The concept of value-based management is based on the fact that the purpose of the company is to maximize value for its owners. Shareholder value is created when the return on investment exceeds its opportunity cost. Investor expectations are reflected in the current indicators of the investment attractiveness of the crowdfunding campaign, but the issuers on the platforms are not public companies, it is difficult to assess their market value based on comparison with their peers and determine the opportunity cost. The fundamental value of companies thus becomes the main tool for evaluating the value of investments. In this regard, the question arises as to how much this value reflects the perception of investors about the market value of the issuing company, and how the characteristics of the issuing companies are related to the expectations of future benefits from investment. Currently, the market for shares on crowdfunding platforms is not developed and transparent, therefore investors should rely upon other factors in their assessment of future prospects and benefits from investing, other than on the current market situation. An important research and practical objective is to analyze the sensitivity of the fundamental value, which can be assessed on the basis of financial statements, to those characteristics of the company that are observed in the process of preparing and conducting the crowdfunding campaign.