Изобретения и изобретатели. Учебно-справочное пособие для изучающих английский язык - страница 12
From its creation in 1983 it grew rapidly beyond its largely academic origin into an increasingly commercial and popular medium.By the mid-1990s the Internet connected millions of computers throughout the world. Many commercial computer network and data services also provided at least indirect connection to the Internet.
Contrary to some common usage, the Internet and the World Wide Web are not synonymous: the Internet is a collection of interconnected computer networks, linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, etc.; the Web is a collection of interconnected documents, linked by hyperlinks and URLs, and is accessible using the Internet.
Terms
WWW (World Wide Web) всемирная паутина – глобальное информационное пространство, основанное на физической инфраструктуре сети Интернет и протоколе передачи данных HTTP
HTML (англ. Hypertext Markup Language) язык разметки гипертекста
HTTP (англ. Hypertext Transfer Protocol) «протокол передачи гипертекста»
URI (англ. Uniform Resource Identifier) единообразный идентификатор ресурса
URL (англ. Uniform Resource Locator) единообразный локатор (определитель местонахождения) ресурса.
Web browser браузер
Consortium консорциум
Exercises
Complete the table using information from the text
a. Write a paragraph describing the difference between the WWW and the Internet .
b. Write the translation of the paragraph in which the four main concepts of the WWW are presented.
Say when and how you use WWW and Internet.
1.8 Practice
1. You have read about some inventions that help us communicate with one another. What other inventions with the same function do you remember? Try to describe them in written form.
2. Give an oral description of the most useful (in your opinion) invention of this group.
UNIT 2
INVENTIONS ENTERTAIN US
2.1 Camera
As is known, camera is a device (in photography) for recording an image of an object on a light-sensitive surface; it is essentially a light-tight box with an aperture to admit light focused onto a sensitized film or plate. Though there are many types of cameras, all include five indispensable components: (1) the camera box, which holds and protects the sensitive film from all light except that entering through the lens; (2) film, on which the image is recorded, a light-sensitive strip usually wound on a spool, either manually or automatically, as successive pictures are taken; (3) the light control, consisting of an aperture or diaphragm and a shutter, both often adjustable; (4) the lens, which focuses the light rays from the subject onto the film, creating the image, and which is usually adjustable by moving forward or back, changing the focus; and (5) the viewing system, which may be separate from the lens system (usually above it) or may operate through it by means of a mirror. Today’s cameras all derive from the 16th-century