1. An early definition (определение) of… was «an inquiry (изучение) into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations».
2. The national… is the system of the management and use of resources of a country.
3. You can… if you compare the prices of goods before buying them.
4. J. M. Keynes was a famous…
5. Inflation may cause a bad… state (положение) in a country.
6. If you've got a large family, it's more… to travel by car than by train.
18. а) Употребите данные в скобках глаголы в соответствующем времени и залоге.
Communism is a political and economic doctrine which (to say) that everything must belong to the state and the government is to organize all the production. Karl Marx (to formulate) his idea of communism as «from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs». Command economy where strategic decisions (to make) by government and (not to regulate) by the price system (to rely) on the communist doctrine. China still (to organize) its economy along communist lines but Russia and other former (бывший) Soviet Union's countries and East-European countries recently (to move away) to more market-based economies.
б) Кратко передайте содержание прочитанного текста (а) по-английски.
Задание на дом № 3
19. Переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на слова и выражения из словарного минимума к тексту Market and Command Economies.
1. Economics is the study of how society decides what, how, and for whom to produce.
2. The central economic problem for society is how to reconcile the conflict between people's limitless demand for goods and services and the resources which can be allocated for the production of these goods and services.
3. The market is the process by which individuals' decisions about consumption of goods, firms' decisions about what and how to produce, the workers" decisions about how much and for whom to work are reconciled by prices.
4. When resources are limited, they are allocated through the political process. In a country like Sweden with a strong government the level of production of social services may be higher than the level of production of goods for individual consumption.
5. The world economy produces mostly for the people living in the industrial countries.
6. In many countries there was a large dose of central regulation and planning.