Грамматика для написания научных статей - страница 5

1. Impersonal style of writing (i.e., without using the personal pronouns "I" or "we").

2. Intensive use of logical connectors (words like "therefore" or "however").

3. Heavy load of terminology and specialized jargon.

4. High degree of formal text structuring (i.e., division of the text into sections and subsections with appropriate headings).

5. Tendency to cite and to include into the lists of references the most recent publications in the field.

6. Frequent occurrence of the phrases which provide reference to the text itself (e.g., "This paper discusses …").

7. Use of long sentences with complicated grammar.

8. Strong emphasis on generalizations and highly theoretical issues.

9. Frequent use of footnotes and long remarks in parentheses.

10. Tendency to follow a certain pattern of textual organization (e.g., problem-solution).

Home assignment:

Academic Vocabulary in Use Unit 1.

There are many more nouns than any other part of speech. Since nouns are numerous types in English, you are constantly having to make decisions. For example, you may have to decide if a noun requires a capital letter or not. You may also have to decide if a noun should be in the plural form, and if so, how to form the plural. Most important, in English, you will have to decide if a noun can be counted or not. This distinction can affect of the grammar of a sentence, including which quantity words can occur with a noun.

A. Nouns can be classified as follows:

B. Proper Nouns and Capitalization

1. Use proper nouns for the names of specific people or things, including names of countries, languages, nationalities, cities, oceans, rivers, lakes, MI mins, parks, buildings, stores, schools, religions, historical periods of events, styles of art and architecture, months, holidays, and days of week.

2. Always use a capital letter with a proper noun.

My birthday is і a June.

Henry Wright went to Columbia University last September to study French.

Д When a proper noun is accompanied by the definite article the, do not capitalize the article unless it is the first word of the sentence or the first word of a title, such as the title of a book or movie.

The Thames runs through London, past the Houses of Parliament.

3. Use a capital letter with adjectives derived from proper nouns.